Divination trays were used to predict events and to seek advice. Orunmila is the spirit of wisdom and divinity of destiny and prophecy in Yoruba mythology. Ifa divination was a means to transcribe Orunmila’s wisdom. Eshu acts as a medium between the human and spirit realms. Eshu delivers knowledge and guidance in times of trouble, regardless of the other deities a person may worship.
In 2005, UNESCO added the Yoruba divination system to its list of ‘Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity’.
The history of ifa divination among the Yoruba can be said to be as old as the people themselves. According to Professor Wande Abimbola, authority on ifa (Awise Awo Agbaye), the Yoruba believed that Ifa (otherwise known as Orunmila) was one of the four hundred divinities who came from orun (heaven) to aye (earth). Olodumare (the Supreme Being) had charged each one of the divinities with particular function to be performed on earth. Idowu (1962, p. 19) records that Esu, one of the Yoruba divinities, was the universal ‘police’ and keeper of the ase (divine power) with which Oludumare created the universe and maintained its physical laws. Ifa was put in charge of divination because of his great wisdom which he acquired as a result of his presence when Olodumare created the universe.
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January 31, 2019
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